Normen, Institutionen, Geschichte, Anwendungen

[analogi67]

The_Wayne postete
"IEC" steht doch für "International Electrotechnical Commission" und ist irgendein Normungsinstitut, daß sich aber mit allen bereichen der Elektrotechnik auseinandersetzt und nicht nur mit der Unterhaltungselektronik.

Ja, das müsste stimmen. IEC normt "allgemein" während CCIR eher für die Betreiber der Telekommunikation (Übertragungstrecken, Pegelpläne, Frequenzplanung und Zuweisung, internationale Koordination usw) tätig war bzw. noch sein müsste. Für den Rundfunk müsste daher CCIR eine wichtige Rolle gespielt haben/ immer noch spielen.

Mittels '"Wiki" konnte ich die entsprechenden Links zu den Organisationen finden. Über "About Us" bzw. "At a glance" findet sich Hinweise. Bei NAB habe ich mir das als "Europäer" erstmal geschenkt.

Falls benötigt, da alles in Englisch siehe elektr. Hilfen http://dict.leo.org oder
http://babelfish.altavista.com .

Interessant finde ich das IEC etwa um 1930 die Einheit "Weber" [Wb] einführte. Die kommt mir so seltsam bekannt vor.

http://www.iec.ch/about/mission-e.htm

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes international standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies. These serve as a basis for national standardization and as references when drafting international tenders and contracts.

Through its members, the IEC promotes international cooperation on all questions of electrotechnical standardization and related matters, such as the assessment of conformity to standards, in the fields of electricity, electronics and related technologies.
The IEC charter embraces all electrotechnologies including electronics, magnetics and electromagnetics, electroacoustics, multimedia, telecommunication, and energy production and distribution, as well as associated general disciplines such as terminology and symbols, electromagnetic compatibility, measurement and performance, dependability, design and development, safety and the environment.


http://www.iec.ch/about/history/

On 15 September 1904, delegates to the International Electrical Congress, being held in St. Louis, USA, adopted a report that included the following words:
"…steps should be taken to secure the co-operation of the technical societies of the world, by the appointment of a representative Commission to consider the question of the standardization of the nomenclature and ratings of electrical apparatus and machinery."

…

In 1930 the IEC established the following electrical units:
§ Hertz, for the unit of frequency
§ Oersted for the unit of magnetic field strength
§ Gauss for the unit of magnetic flux density
§ Maxwell of the unit of magnetic flux
§ Gilbert for the unit of magnetomotive force
§ Var for designating the unit of reactive power
§ Weber for the practical unit of magnetic flux
..

http://www.itu.int/aboutitu/overview/history.html

On 17 May 1865, after two and a half months of arduous negotiation, the first International Telegraph Convention was signed in Paris by the 20 founding members, and the International Telegraph Union (ITU) was established to facilitate subsequent amendments to this initial agreement. Today, some 135 years later, the reasons which led to the establishment of ITU still apply, and the fundamental objectives of the organization remain basically unchanged.
...

The first International Radiotelegraph Conference held in 1906 in Berlin signed the first International Radiotelegraph Convention, and the annex to this Convention contained the first regulations governing wireless telegraphy. These regulations, which have since been expanded and revised by numerous radio conferences, are now known as the Radio Regulations.

The year 1920 saw the beginning of sound broadcasting at the improvised studios of the Marconi Company, and in 1927, the International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) was established at a conference held in Washington D.C. The International Telephone Consultative Committee (CCIF, set up in 1924), the International Telegraph Consultative Committee (CCIT, set up in 1925), and the CCIR were made responsible for coordinating the technical studies, tests and measurements being carried out in the various fields of telecommunications, as well as for drawing up international standards

http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/information/mission/index.html

The mission of the ITU Radiocommunication Sector is, inter alia, to ensure rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including those using satellite orbits, and to carry out studies and adopt recommendations on radiocommunication matters.


Gruß

Wolfgang